SYSTEMIC DISEASE AND ORAL BACTERIA
Rheumatoid arthritis and the role of oral bacteria
Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodriguez1*, Rita Elizabeth Martinez-Martinez1, Carlos Abud-Mendoza2, Nuria Patiño-Marin1 and Gregory J. Seymour3
1Master's degree in Dental Science Program with specialization in Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; 2Regional Unit of Rheumatology and Osteoporosis, Central Hospital Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, both at San Luis Potosi University, Mexico; 3Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease (PD) have shown similar physiopathologic mechanisms such as chronic inflammation with adjacent bone resorption in an immunogenetically susceptible host; however, PD has a well-recognized bacterial etiology while the cause of RA is unclear. Some reports have indicated that an infectious agent in a susceptible host could be one possible trigger factor for RA, and it has been suggested that oral microorganisms, specialty periodontal bacteria could be the infectious agent (mainly Porphyromonas gingivalis). It has been reported that PD is more frequent and more severe in patients with RA, suggesting a positive association between both diseases. There have been reports regarding the detection of antibodies against periodontal bacteria while other studies have identified periodontal bacterial DNA in serum and synovial fluid of RA patients and have explored the possible pathways of transport of periodontal bacterial DNA. In conclusion, there is no question that RA and PD have pathologic features in common and there is strong evidence of an association between both diseases, but further studies, including experimental models, are needed to demonstrate the arthritogenicity of oral microorganisms.
full article at
http://www.journaloforalmicrobiology.net/index.php/jom/article/view/5784/6557
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