 Afghanistan | Life + 50 years[1] | 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[1]
50 years from publication (Published after authors' deaths)[1]
50 years from publication (audiovisual works)[1]
50 years from publication (photographic,painting works)[1]
50 years from creation (phonogram)[1]
| Yes (Afghan calendar)[1] |
 Albania | Life + 70 years[2] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[3]
70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (photographic or audiovisual work of joint authorship)[4]
25 years from production (works of applied art)[5]
| Yes[6] |
 Algeria | Life + 50 years (except posthumous work)[7] | 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (collective work, anonymous or pseudonymous work, audiovisual work, posthumous work)[8]
50 years from creation (photographs or the work of applied art)[9]
| Yes[10] |
 Andorra | Life + 70 years[11][12] | 70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (collective work with unknown authorship)[13]
70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[14]
| Yes[15] |
 Angola | Life + 50 years[16]
Life + 25 years (photographic works or applied arts)[16]
|
| Yes[16] |
 Anguilla | Life + 50 years[17] | 50 years from the death of the author, of the last surviving author for works with more than one author.[17] |
|
 Antigua and Barbuda | Life + 50 years[18][19] | 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work, computer generated work, sound recording or film)[20]
50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service[21]
25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)[22]
| Yes[23] |
 Argentina | Life + 70 years[24] | 50 years from publication (anonymous intellectual works belonging to institutions, corporations or legal persons)[25] Photographies: 20 years from first publication.[26] Cinematographic works: 50 years after death of the last survivor among the producer, the director, the screenplay writer or the composer (for musical comedies).[27] | Yes[28] |
 Armenia | Life + 70 years [29] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[30] | Yes[30] |
 Aruba | Life + 50 years[31](wikisource) |
|
|
 Australia (including external territories) | Life + 70 years[32]
[Life + 50 years (death before 1955)][33]
| 70 years from publication (sound recordings, cinematograph films)[34]
50 years after making (television broadcasts and sound broadcasts)[35]
25 years from publication (published editions of works)[36]
[50 years from publication (photographs, no longer applicable since 1 January 2005)][33]
| Yes[37] |
 Austria | Life + 70 years[38][39] | 70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[40] | Yes[41] |
 Azerbaijan | Life + 50 years (except posthumous work published at first time during 30 years)[42] | 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work; posthumous work published at first time during 30 years)[43] | Yes[44] |
 Bahamas | Berne |
|
|
 Bahrain | Life + 50 calendar years (except posthumous work)[45] | 50 calendar years from publication (cinematographic films, applied arts works and photographs; anonymous or pseudonymous works; corporate works; posthumous works)[46]
40 years from publication or 50 years from completion, whichever is earlier (computer software)[47]
|
|
 Bangladesh | Life + 50 years |
|
|
 Barbados | Life + 50 years[48][49] | 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[50]
50 years from making (computer-generated work)[51]
50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (sound recordings and films)[52]
50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service[53]
25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)[22]
| Yes[54] |
 Belarus | Life + 50 years[55] | 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[56]
50 years from fixation (performance)[57]
50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from fixation (phonogram)[58]
50 years from the first broadcast or cable transmission[59]
| Yes[60] |
.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg.png) Belgium | Life + 70 years[61] |
|
|
 Belize | Life + 50 years[62] |
|
|
 Benin | Life + 50 years |
|
|
 Bermuda | Life + 50 years[63] |
|
|
| Berne Convention signatories | Life + 50 years[64]
Signatories may grant longer terms.[65]
| 50 years from publication or if not shown 50 years from creation (cinematographic works)[66]
50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[67]
25 years from creation (photographic works)[68]
Signatories may grant longer terms.[65]
| Yes[69] |
 Bhutan | Life + 50 years[70] |
|
|
 Bolivia | Life + 50 years[71] |
|
|
 Bosnia and Herzegovina | Life + 70 years[72] |
|
|
 Botswana | Berne, TRIPS, WCT[73] |
|
|
 Brazil | Life + 70 years[74] |
|
|
 British Indian Ocean Territory | unknown |
|
|
 British Virgin Islands | unknown |
|
|
 Brunei | Life + 50 years[75] |
|
|
 Bulgaria | Life + 70 years (EU)[76] |
|
|
 Burkina Faso | Life + 70 years[77] |
|
|
 Burundi | Life + 50 years[78]
| 50 years from publication (phonograms)[78] |
|
 Cambodia | Life + 50 years[79] |
|
|
 Cameroon | Life + 50 years[80] |
|
|
 Canada | Life + 50 years[81][82] | For anonymous works, 50 years from publication or 75 years from creation, whichever is shorter.[81] | Yes [81] |
 Cape Verde | Life + 50 years[4] |
|
|
 Cayman Islands | unknown |
|
|
 Central African Republic | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Chad | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Chile | Life + 70 years[83] |
|
|
 China, People's Republic of (Mainland only) | Life + 50 years (citizens' works)[84] | 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (works of legal entities, cinematographic works, films or photographic works)[85] | Yes[6] |
 Colombia | Life + 80 years[86] | 80 years from publication (cinematographic works)[30] | Yes[87] |
 Comoros | Berne |
|
|
 Congo, Democratic Republic of the | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Congo, Republic of the | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Costa Rica | Life + 70 years[88] |
|
|
 Côte d'Ivoire | Life + 99 years (except posthumous works published within this period)[89] | 99 years from publication (photographic or audiovisual works or works of applied art; anonymous or pseudonymous works; posthumous works)[90] | Yes[91] |
 Croatia | Life + 70 years[92] |
|
|
 Cuba | Life + 50 years |
|
|
 Curaçao | Life + 50 years[93] |
|
|
 Cyprus | Life + 50 years
(EU, WCT)[94] |
|
|
 Czech Republic | Life + 70 years[95] | 70 years from publication (anonymous works)[96] | Yes[97] |
 Denmark | Life + 70 years[98] |
|
|
 Djibouti | Life + 25 years (Berne, TRIPS)[99] | 25 years from publication or if unpublished 25 years from completion (film)[100]
25 years from completion (a photographic work or a work of applied art)[101]
| Yes[102] |
 Dominica | Life + 70 years[103] |
|
|
 Dominican Republic | Life + 50 years[104] |
|
|
 Ecuador | Life + 70 years[105] |
|
|
 Egypt | Life + 50 years[106] |
|
|
 El Salvador | Life + 50 years[107] |
|
|
 Equatorial Guinea | Berne |
|
|
 Eritrea | the latter of Life + 0 years or 50 years since publication[108] |
|
|
 Estonia | Life + 70 years (EU)[109] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[110] | Yes[111] |
 Ethiopia | Life + 50 years[112] |
|
|
 European Union Members | Life + 70 years[113] | 70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (anonymous works)[114] | Yes[115] |
 Fiji | Life + 50 years[116] |
|
|
 Finland | Life + 70 years[117] | 50 years from publication (sound recordings, television broadcasts and sound broadcasts)[118]50 years from creation (photographic works)[119]
| Yes[120] |
 France | Life + 70 years (except posthumous works published after this term)[121][122]
The following additions to copyright term formerly applied to all works, but the French Cour de Cassation has found them to be superseded by later copyright treaties, thus limiting the copyright term to life + 70 years total, at least for non-musical works of authors who did not "die for France".[123]
+ 6 years 152 days for musical work published through 1920[124]
+ 8 years and 120 days for musical work published through 1947[125]
+ 30 years for all works if the author died on active service[126]
| 70 years from publication (pseudonymous, anonymous or collective works)[127]
25 years from publication (posthumous works published after Art. L123-1 term)[128]
| Yes[129] |
 Gabon | Berne, TRIPS, WCT |
|
|
 Gambia | Life + 50 years[130] |
|
|
 Georgia | Life + 70 years[131] |
|
|
 Germany | Life + 70 years[132] | 25 years from first publication or first public performance if copyright has expired before such publication or performance, or if the work has never been protected in Germany and the author died more than 70 years before the first publication[133] | Yes[134] |
 Ghana | Life + 70 years[135] |
|
|
 Greece | Life + 70 years[136][137] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)[138] | Yes[139] |
 Grenada | Berne, TRIPS[140] |
|
|
 Guatemala | Life + 75 years[141] | 75 years from publication or if unpublished 75 years from creation (computer programs and collective works; anonymous or pseudonymous works; audiovisual works)[142] | Yes[143] |
 Guinea | TRIPS, WCT |
|
|
 Guinea-Bissau | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Guyana | Life + 50 years[144] |
|
|
 Haiti | Berne, TRIPS[145] |
|
|
 Honduras | Life + 75 years[146] | 70 years from publication or, if unpublished within 50 years, 70 years from creation (works of applied art and photographs)[147] | Yes[147] |
 Hong Kong[148] | Life + 50 years (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works with known authorship)[149]
Life + 50 years (films)[150]
| 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works with unknown authorship)[151]
50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recordings)[152]
50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service[153]
25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of published editions)[154]
| Yes[155] |
 Hungary | Life + 70 years[156] |
|
|
 Iceland | Life + 70 years[157] |
|
|
 India[158] | Life + 60 years (except posthumous works)[159][160] | 60 years from publication (posthumous works, photographs, cinematograph films, sound recordings, works of public undertakings, and works of international organisations)[161] | Yes[162] |
 Indonesia | Life + 50 years[163] |
|
|
 Iran | Life + 50 years[164] | 30 years from publication (photographic or cinematographic works)[165] |
|
 Iraq | Life + 50 years[166] |
|
|
 Ireland | Life + 70 years[167] |
|
|
 Israel | Life + 70 years[168] | 50 years from publication (photographs created till May 2007)[169] | Yes[170] |
 Italy | Life + 70 years
[Life + 50 years][171] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[172]
20 years from publication (copyright of State, the provinces, the communes, the academies or public cultural organizations, or to private legal entities of a non-profit making character)
| Yes[173] |
 Jamaica | Life + 50 years[174] |
|
|
 Japan | Life + 50 years[175] | 70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (cinematographic works)[176]
50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (works of a legal person or other corporate body)[177]
| Yes[178] |
 Jordan | Life + 50 years[179] |
|
|
 Kazakhstan | Life + 50 years[180] |
|
|
 Kenya | Life + 50 years (literary, musical or artistic work other than photographs)[181] | 50 years from the latest of creation or publication (audio-visual works and photographs)[182] | Yes[183] |
 Kiribati | Life + 50 years[130] |
|
|
 Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | Life + 50 years (Berne)[184] | Works authored by "an institution, enterprise or organization", 50 years from publication[184] |
|
 Korea, Republic of | Life + 70 years[185] | 70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (organizational works)[186] | Yes[187] |
 Kuwait | TRIPS[188] |
|
|
 Kyrgyzstan | Life + 50 years[189] |
|
|
 Laos | Life + 50 years.[190] | 50 years after making available. Also: - Anonymous/pseudonymous work: 50 years from the date the work was made available to the public;
- Cinematographic work: 50 years from making available, failing that, 50 years from making;
- Applied art: 25 years from date of creation.
Related: Performances, phonograms, broadcasts: 50 years since the date of performance, fixation, and broadcast, respectively.
|
|
 Latvia | Life + 70 years[191]
[Life + 50 years][192] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[193] | Yes[186] |
 Lebanon | Life + 50 years[194] |
|
|
 Lesotho | Life + 50 years[130] |
|
|
 Liberia | unknown |
|
|
 Libya | Life + 25 years with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since) |
|
|
 Liechtenstein | Life + 70 years
[Life + 50 years][195] |
|
|
 Lithuania | Life + 70 years
[Life + 50 years][196] |
|
|
 Luxembourg | Life + 70 years
[Life + 50 years][197] |
|
|
 Macau(b) | Life + 50 years[198] | 50 years from publication (anonymous works)[199]
50 years from publication (audiovisual works)[200]
25 years from completion (works of applied art and photographic works)[201]
| Yes[202] |
 Macedonia | Life + 70 years[203] |
|
|
 Madagascar | Life + 70 years[204] |
|
|
 Malawi | Life + 50 years[205] |
|
|
 Malaysia | Life + 50 years[206] |
|
|
 Maldives | Life + 50 years from death. |
|
|
 Mali | Life + 50 years[207] |
|
|
 Malta | Life + 70 years[208] |
|
|
 Marshall Islands | 0, no copyright. Copyright legislation is not known to exist.[209] | 0, no copyright. |
|
 Mauritania | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Mauritius | Life + 50 years[210] |
|
|
 Mexico | Life + 100 years (effective 23 July 2003 non-retroactively)[211]
[Life + 75 years (before the law change on 23 July 2003, applicable for deaths before 23 July 1928)][212]
[Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 January 1994, applicable for deaths before 1 January 1944)][213]
|
|
|
| Micronesia | Life + 50 years[214] |
|
|
 Moldova | Life + 50 years[215] |
|
|
 Monaco | Life + 50 years[216] |
|
|
 Mongolia | Life + 50 years[217] |
|
|
 Montenegro[218] | Life + 70 years[219] |
|
|
 Morocco | Life + 50 years[220] |
|
|
 Mozambique | Life + 70 years[221] |
|
|
 Myanmar | TRIPS |
|
|
 Namibia | Life + 50 years (except posthumous works)[222] | 50 years from publication (posthumous works)[223]
50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematograph films, photographs and computer programs)[224]
| Yes[225] |
 Nauru | unknown |
|
|
 Nepal | Life + 50 years | 25 years from creation (applied art and photographic work)[226] |
|
 Netherlands | Life + 70 years[227] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work, corporate works with no listed natural author)[228] |
|
| Caribbean Netherlands | Life + 50 years[229] |
|
|
 New Zealand | Life + 50 years (literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work)[230] | 50 years from creation (computer-generated work)[231] | Yes[232] |
 Nicaragua | Life + 70 years[233] |
|
|
 Niger | Life + 50 years[234] |
|
|
 Nigeria | Life + 70 years (literary, musical or artistic works other than photographs)[235] | 70 years from publication (literary, musical or non-photograph artistic works in the case of government or a body corporate)
50 years from publication (cinematograph films and photographs)
50 years from creation (sound recordings)
50 years from publication (broadcasts)[235]
| Yes[235] |
 Norway | Life + 70 years[236] |
| Yes [236] |
 Oman | Life + 70 years[237] | 90 years from the year following the publication120 years from the year following the completion [238]
| Yes |
 Pakistan | Life + 50 years[239] |
| Yes[239] |
 Palau | Life + 50 years[240] |
|
|
 Panama | Life + 50 years[241] |
|
|
 Papua New Guinea | Life + 50 years[242] |
|
|
 Paraguay | Life + 70 years[243] |
|
|
 Peru | Life + 70 years[244] |
|
|
 Philippines | Life + 50 years[245] | 50 years from publication (photographic works), or 50 years from creation if unpublished within 50 years of creation[246] | Yes[247] |
 Poland | Life + 70 years[248] |
|
|
 Portugal | Life + 70 years
[Life + 50 years][249] |
|
|
 Qatar | Life + 50 years[250] |
|
|
 Romania | Life + 70 years[251] |
|
|
 Russia | Life + 70 years[252]
Rehabilitation + 70 years (for repressed and rehabilitated)
Life + 74 years (for those taking part or working during the war of 1941–1945)
Life + 50 years (death before 1943)[253] | 70 years from publication date for non-amateur cinematographic works published before 1993.
All copyrights prior to October Revolution (7-th November 1917) are believed to be expired... |
|
 Rwanda | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 St. Kitts and Nevis | Life + 50 years[130] |
|
|
 St. Lucia | Life + 50 years[254] |
|
|
 St. Vincent and the Grenadines | Life + 75 years (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work)[255] | 75 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recording or film)[256]
50 years from creation (computer-generated work)[257]
50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service[258]
| Yes[259] |
 Samoa | Life + 75 years[260] |
|
|
 San Marino | Life + 50 years[261] |
|
|
 São Tomé and PrÃncipe | unknown |
|
|
 Saudi Arabia | Life + 50 years[262] |
|
|
 Senegal | Life + 70 years[263] |
|
|
 Serbia[264] | Life + 70 years[219] |
|
|
 Seychelles | Life + 25 years[265] | 25 years from publication (photograph, film, or broadcast)[266]
25 years from creation (sound recording)[267]
| Yes[256] |
 Sierra Leone | Life + 50 years[268] | 50 years from publication (photograph, film, or broadcast)[269]
50 years from creation (sound recording)[270]
|
|
 Singapore[271] | Life + 70 years (except posthumous work)[272][273] | 70 years from publication (posthumous work, photograph)[274]
70 years from publication (sound recordings and cinematograph films)[275]
50 years after making (television broadcasts, sound broadcasts, cable programmes)[276]
25 years from publication (published editions of works)[277]
| Yes[278] |
 Sint Maarten | Life + 50 years[93] |
|
|
 Slovakia | Life + 70 years[279] |
|
|
 Slovenia | Life + 70 years[280] |
|
|
 Solomon Islands | Life + 50 years[281] |
|
|
 Somalia | unknown |
|
|
 South Africa | Life + 50 years (literary or musical works or artistic works, other than photographs)[282] | 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematography films, photographs, computer programs)[224]
50 years from publication (sound recordings; broadcasts; programme-carrying signals; and published editions)[283]
| Yes[225] |
 Spain | Life + 70 years
[Life + 80 years(1879–1987), Life + 60 years(1987–1994)][284] |
| Yes[285] |
 Sri Lanka | Life + 70 years[286] | 70 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from completion (audiovisual work) [286]
25 years from publication (applied art)[286] | Yes[286] |
 Sudan | Life + 50 years[287] | 25 years from publication (photographic pictures and cinematographic films and other audiovisual works; works published under unknown pseudonym or anonymously)[288] |
|
 Suriname | Berne, TRIPS |
|
|
 Swaziland | Life + 50 years[289] |
|
|
 Sweden | Life + 70 years[290] |
| Yes[290] |
 Switzerland | Life + 70 years effective 1 July 1993 non-retroactively, but Life + 50 years for computer programs[291]
[Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 July 1993, applicable for deaths through 1942)][292]
| 50 years after performance (performers' rights)[293] | Yes[294] |
 Syria | Life + 50 years[295] | 10 years from production (photographic, fine arts or plastic arts)[296] |
|
 Taiwan | Life + 50 years (except posthumous works first published 40 to 50 years after death)[297] | 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[294]
50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (corporate works; photographic works, audiovisual works, sound recordings, and performances)[298]
10 years from publication (posthumous works first published 40 to 50 years after death)[299]
| Yes[300] |
 Tajikistan | Berne |
|
|
 Tanzania | Life + 50 years[301] |
|
|
 Thailand | Life + 50 years[302] | 50 years from publication or 50 years from creation if not published within 50 years from creation |
|
 Timor Leste | Life + 50 years[163] |
|
|
 Togo | Life + 50 years[303] |
|
|
 Tonga | Life + 50 years[304] |
|
|
 Trinidad and Tobago | Life + 50 years[305] |
|
|
 Tunisia | Life + 50 years[306] |
|
|
 Turkey | Life + 70 years[307] |
|
|
 Turkmenistan | Life + 50 years[308] |
|
|
 Tuvalu | Life + 50 years[130] |
|
|
 Uganda | TRIPS |
|
|
 Ukraine | Life + 70 years
[Life + 25 years (1963—1994), Life + 50 years (1994—2001)][309] | 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)
70 years from publication (published within 30 years from authors' deaths)[309] | Yes[309] |
 United Arab Emirates | Life + 50 years[310] |
|
|
 United Kingdom | Life + 70 yearsIf the author is unknown, 70 years
If there are multiple authors, life of last surviving author + 70 years[311]
For films, life + 70 years for the last to die of: principal director, author of screenplay, author of dialogue, or composer of music specifically created for and used in the film.[312]
| 50 years after release; if not released, 50 years after making (sound recordings).EU Directive 2011/77/EU, extending this period to 70 years from 1 November 2013, has been adopted but not yet ratified by Parliament. Phonograms already out of copyright in 2013 will not be retroactively protected.[313][314][315]
50 years from end of calendar year when the broadcast was first made (broadcasts) [316]
| Yes[317] |
 United States[318] | Life + 70 years (works published since 1978 or unpublished works)[319] | 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation whichever is shorter (anonymous works, pseudonymous works, or works made for hire, published since 1978)[320]
95 years from publication for works published 1964–1977; 28 (if copyright not renewed) or 95 years from publication for works published 1923–1963 (Copyrights prior to 1923 have expired, not including copyrights on sound recordings published prior to Feb 15, 1972, covered only under state laws.)[321]
| Yes[322] |
| Universal Copyright Convention minimum terms | Life + 25 years (general works)[323] | 25 years from publication (specific works not based on authors' deaths)[324]
10 years (photographic works or to works of applied art)[325]
|
|
 Uruguay | Life + 50 years[326] |
|
|
 Uzbekistan | Life + 50 years[327] |
|
|
 Vanuatu | unknown |
|
|
 Vatican City | Life + 70 years[328] |
|
|
 Venezuela | Life + 60 years[329] | 60 years from publication; 60 years from creation if unpublished (an audiovisual work, a broadcast work or a computer program)[30]
60 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)[172]
| Yes[330] |
 Vietnam | Berne |
|
|
 Yemen | Life + 30 years |
|
|
 Zambia | Life + 50 years[331] |
|
|
 Zimbabwe | Life + 50 years[332][333] | 50 years from publication (photographs)[334]
50 years from creation (Sound recordings)[335]
50 years from publication (cinematograph films, broadcasts)[336]
| Yes[337] |
